Limb Differences
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Limb differences are the partial or complete absence, deformation, or length differences of the legs, arms, hands, feet, fingers, or toes. Parts of these extremities may be crooked, malformed, fused, incomplete, or uneven. An unborn child may have too many or too few fingers or toes. Limb differences may impact the function of the limbs or make certain physical activities difficult. Limb differences may be caused by genetic defects, disorders or diseases impacting the muscles, joints, or bones, and environmental factors such as exposure to tobacco, certain medications, and chemicals in the womb. Limb differences occur in 1 in 1,000-4,000 live births.
Screening and Diagnosis
Limb differences are diagnosed during routine prenatal ultrasounds, but can also be diagnosed via physical examination after birth.
Treatment/Prognosis
Limb differences are typically non-life-threatening physical deformities and, depending on the needs of the individual child, may be be treated with physical and occupational therapy, a splint or brace, surgery, or a prosthetic.
Medical advances are continually improving treatment options and outcomes so consulting with specialists and major children’s hospitals may be beneficial to finding the best possible care.
Sources:
Comprehensive Limb Difference Program | Children's Healthcare of Atlanta (choa.org)
What are congenital limb differences? | Nicklaus Children's Hospital (nicklauschildrens.org)
Limb-Length Discrepancy and Limb Differences | Gillette Children's Specialty Healthcare (gillette children's.org)
Congenital Limb Differences | Boston Children's Hospital (childrenshospital.org)
Life Without Limbs